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Leviticus 1 1 The LORD said to Moses and Aaron, 上主训示梅瑟和亚郎说：＂ 2 ＂Speak to the Israelites and tell them: Of all land animals these are the ones you may eat: 你们应告诉以色列子民说：地上的一切走兽中，你们可吃的兽类如下： 3 any animal that has hoofs you may eat, provided it is cloven-footed and chews the cud. 凡走兽中有偶蹄，有趾及反刍的，你们都可以吃。 4 But you shall not eat any of the following that only chew the cud or only have hoofs: the camel, which indeed chews the cud, but does not have hoofs and is therefore unclean for you; 但在反刍或有偶蹄的走兽中，你们不可吃的是骆驼，因为骆驼虽反刍，但偶蹄无趾，对你们仍是不洁的； 5 2 the rock badger, which indeed chews the cud, but does not have hoofs and is therefore unclean for you; 岩狸，它虽反刍，但偶蹄无趾，对你们仍是不洁的； 6 the hare, which indeed chews the cud, but does not have hoofs and is therefore unclean for you; and the pig, 兔子虽反刍，偶蹄无趾，对你们仍是不洁的； 7 which does indeed have hoofs and is cloven-footed, but does not chew the cud and is therefore unclean for you. 猪，它虽有偶蹄，蹄虽有趾，却不反刍，对你们仍是不洁的。 8 Their flesh you shall not eat, and their dead bodies you shall not touch; they are unclean for you. 这些走兽的肉，你们不可吃；它们的尸体，也不可触摸，因为对你们都是不洁的。 9 ＂Of the various creatures that live in the water, you may eat the following: whatever in the seas or in river waters has both fins and scales you may eat. 水族中你们可吃的如下：凡是水中有鳍有鳞的，不论是海里的，或河里的，都可以吃； 10 But of the various creatures that crawl or swim in the water, whether in the sea or in the rivers, all those that lack either fins or scales are loathsome for you, 但凡在水中蠕动，和在水中生存的生物，若没有鳍和鳞，不论是海里，或河里的，都是你们所当憎恶的。 11 and you shall treat them as loathsome. Their flesh you shall not eat, and their dead bodies you shall loathe. 这些水族，都是你们所当憎恶的：它们的肉不可吃；它们的尸体，你们当视为可憎恶之物。 12 Every water creature that lacks fins or scales is loathsome for you. 水族中凡没有鳍和鳞的，都是你们所当憎恶的。 13 3 ＂Of the birds, these you shall loathe and, as loathsome, they shall not be eaten: the eagle, the vulture, the osprey, 飞禽中，你们应视为可憎而不可吃，应视为可憎之物的是：鹰、鹗、鹫、 14 the kite, the various species of falcons, 鸢及隼之类； 15 the various species of crows, 凡乌鸦之类； 16 the ostrich, the nightjar, the gull, the various species of hawks, 驼鸟、夜鹰、海鸥和苍鹰之类； 17 the owl, the cormorant, the screech owl, 小枭、鸬鹚和鸱鸺， 18 the barn owl, the desert owl, the buzzard, 白鹭、塘鹅和白鹫， 19 4 the stork, the various species of herons, the hoopoe, and the bat. 鹳鹭类、戴胜和蝙蝠。 20 ＂The various winged insects that walk on all fours are loathsome for you. 凡是有翅，四足爬行的昆虫，都是你们所当憎恶的； 21 But of the various winged insects that walk on all fours you may eat those that have jointed legs for leaping on the ground; 但在有翅，四足爬行的昆虫中，凡有脚以外，还有大腿，在地上能跳的，你们可以吃。 22 5 hence of these you may eat the following: the various kinds of locusts, the various kinds of grasshoppers, the various kinds of katydids, and the various kinds of crickets. 你们可吃的是：飞蝗之类，蚱蜢之类，蟋蟀之类和螽斯之类； 23 All other winged insects that have four legs are loathsome for you. 其它凡有翅，四足爬行的昆虫，都是你们所当憎恶的。 24 6 ＂Such is the uncleanness that you contract, that everyone who touches their dead bodies shall be unclean until evening, 遇到以下的光景也能使你们不洁：凡触摸这些昆虫尸体的人，直到晚上不洁； 25 and everyone who picks up any part of their dead bodies shall wash his garments and be unclean until evening. 凡移动它们尸体的人，应洗涤自己的衣服，直到晚上是不洁的。 26 7 All hoofed animals that are not cloven-footed or do not chew the cud are unclean for you; everyone who touches them becomes unclean. 凡有偶蹄而无趾的，或不反刍的走兽，为你们都是不洁的；谁触摸了就染上了不洁。 27 8 Of the various quadrupeds, all those that walk on paws are unclean for you; everyone who touches their dead bodies shall be unclean until evening, 一切四足动物中，凡用脚掌行走的，为你们都是不洁的；谁触摸了它们的尸体，直到晚上是不洁的； 28 and everyone who picks up their dead bodies shall wash his garments and be unclean until evening. Such is their uncleanness for you. 谁移动了它们的尸体，应洗涤自己的衣服，直到晚上是不洁的。这些动物为你们都是不洁的。 29 ＂Of the creatures that swarm on the ground, the following are unclean for you: the rat, the mouse, the various kinds of lizards, 在地上爬行的动物中，为你们不洁的是：鼹鼠、老鼠和蜥蜴之类； 30 the gecko, the chameleon, the agama, the skink, and the mole. 壁虎、避役、蛇舅母、乌龟和伶鼬。 31 Among the various swarming creatures, these are unclean for you. Everyone who touches them when they are dead shall be unclean until evening. 这些爬行的动物，为你们都是不洁的；它们死后，谁触摸了，直到晚上是不洁的。 32 Everything on which one of them falls when dead becomes unclean. Any such article that men use, whether it be an article of wood, cloth, leather or goat hair, must be put in water and remain unclean until evening, when it again becomes clean. 其中死了的，掉在什么物体上，不论是木器，或衣服，或皮具，或囊袋，凡能用的器具，即成为不洁，应放入水内，直到晚上是不洁的；，以后才算洁净； 33 Should any of these creatures fall into a clay vessel, everything in it becomes unclean, and the vessel itself you must break. 一切陶器，如有它们中一个掉在里面，里面所有的一切即成为不洁，陶器应该打破； 34 Any solid food that was in contact with water, and any liquid that men drink, in any such vessel become unclean. 如里面的水滴在任何食物上，食物即成为不洁的；在这种陶器内装了任何饮料，饮料也成为不洁的。 35 Any object on which one of their dead bodies falls, becomes unclean; if it is an oven or a jar-stand, this must be broken to pieces; they are unclean and shall be treated as unclean by you. 它们的尸体无论掉在什么东西上，那东西即成为不洁的：不拘炉或灶都应打碎，因为是不洁的，你们也应视为不洁。 36 9 However, a spring or a cistern for collecting water remains clean; but whoever touches the dead body becomes unclean. 水泉和蓄水池虽是洁净的，但是那接触尸体的，即成为不洁。 37 Any sort of cultivated grain remains clean even though one of their dead bodies falls on it; 如果他们中一个尸体掉在要播种的种籽上，种籽仍是洁净的； 38 but if the grain has become moistened, it becomes unclean when one of these falls on it. 但若种籽已浸了水，而尸体掉在上面，这种籽对你们便成了不洁的。 39 ＂When one of the animals that you could otherwise eat, dies of itself, anyone who touches its dead body shall be unclean until evening; 若你们可吃的一只走兽死了，谁触摸了它的尸体，直到晚上是不洁的； 40 and anyone who eats of its dead body shall wash his garments and be unclean until evening; so also, anyone who removes its dead body shall wash his garments and be unclean until evening. 谁吃了这尸体的肉，应洗涤自己的衣服，并且直到晚上是不洁的。谁移动了这尸体，也应洗涤自己的衣服，而且直到晚上是不洁的。 41 ＂All the creatures that swarm on the ground are loathsome and shall not be eaten. 凡地上的爬虫，都是当憎恶的，都不可吃。 42 Whether it crawls on its belly, goes on all fours, or has many legs, you shall eat no swarming creature: they are loathsome. 不论是用腹部爬行的，或用四足爬行的，或多足的，凡是地上的爬虫，你们都不可吃，因为都是可憎恶的。 43 Do not make yourselves loathsome or unclean with any swarming creature through being contaminated by them. 你们不要因任何爬虫而使你们成为可憎恶的；你们不要因它们而成为不洁的，或染上不洁， 44 For I, the LORD, am your God; and you shall make and keep yourselves holy, because I am holy. You shall not make yourselves unclean, then, by any swarming creature that crawls on the ground. 因为我上主是你们的天主：你们该表现为圣洁的，你们应是圣的，因为我是圣的。你们不要因地上的任何爬虫，而使自己成为不洁的， 45 Since I, the LORD, brought you up from the 因为是我上主领你们由埃及地上来，为作你们的天主：你们应是圣的，因为我是圣的。 46 ＂This is the law for animals and birds and for all the creatures that move about in the water or swarm on the ground, 以上是有关走兽飞禽，一切水中游行和地上一切爬行动物的法律， 47 that you may distinguish between the clean and the unclean, between creatures that may be eaten and those that may not be eaten.＂ 以便分别洁与不洁，可吃与不可吃的生物。＂ Footnotes(注解) 1 [1-3] These distinctions between edible and inedible meats were probably based on traditional ideas of hygiene, but they are here given a moral, religious basis: the inedible varieties are classified as ＂unclean＂ to remind the Israelites that they are to be a pure and holy people, dedicated to the Lord. 2 [5-6] According to modern zoology, the rock badger (hyrax Syriacus) is classified as an ungulate, and the hare as a rodent; neither is a ruminant. They appear to chew their food as the true ruminants do, and it is upon this appearance that the classification in the text is based. 3 [13-19, 30] The identification of the various Hebrew names for these birds and reptiles is in many cases uncertain. 4 [19] The bat: actually a mammal, but listed here with the birds because of its wings. 5 [22] The Hebrew distinguishes four classes of edible locust-like insects, but the difference between them is quite uncertain. Cf Matthew 3:4. 6 [24-28] This paragraph sharpens the prohibition against unclean animals: not only is their meat unfit for food, but contact with their dead bodies makes a person ritually unclean. 7 [26] All hoofed animals that are not cloven-footed: such as the horse and the ass. 8 [27] All those that walk on paws: such as dogs and cats. 9 [36] Whoever touches the dead body: to remove the dead insect from the water supply. |
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